Leger DY, Liagre B, Beneytout JL

Leger DY, Liagre B, Beneytout JL. cell signaling were determined by immunoblotting and cytokine ELISA and activation of apoptosis measured by caspase activation and DNA fragmentation analysis. Results: Treatment of THP-1 cells with experienced a small effect on cell proliferation. However, when the also decreased the expression of Cyclin E and Cyclin B, important regulators of normal cell cycle progression, and decreased the phosphorylation of various stress-activated, cell survival proteins including p38, ERK, and SAP/JNK kinase. Conclusions: These results suggest that could be useful in enhancing cell death following anticancer therapies including ionizing radiation. SUMMARY Treatment of THP-1 cells with increases their susceptibility to X-rays. The combination of and X-ray exposure strongly inhibits cell signaling and promotes apoptosis. Abbreviations Used: LPS: Lipopolysaccharide, TNF: Tumor necrosis factor: IL-1, Interleukin-1: SDS: Sodium dodecylsulphate, TBS: Tris-buffered saline. (Willd. ex lover Schult.) DC (Rubiaceae) or U?a de Gato is a Peruvian herb that this Ashaninka Indians of South America have utilized for generations to treat various medical illnesses including arthritis, malignancy, and premenstrual syndrome.[1,2] The woody vine is prepared and served in a hot water tea-like concoction. The discovery that treatment of monocytes can inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-dependent expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) highlights its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.[3,4,5,6,7,8,9] We previously showed that treatment of THP-1 monocyte-like cells with decreases LPS-dependent production of TNF- by more than 50% while augmenting the production of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1) by more than 25%.[9] Treatment with was shown to inhibit the LPS-dependent activation of all AP-1 subunits and to inhibit p65 and the classical nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) pathway while promoting activation of the p52 nonclassical NF-B pathway.[10] Inhibition of the p50 subunit of NF-B, with SN50, partially restored TNF- secretion in is usually more specific for the classical NF-B pathway.[10] Inhibition of the classical NF-B pathway may be important for the prevention and treatment of cancer[11,12] while elevated p52 can enhance cell survival without promoting tumourigenesis.[13,14,15] Treatment with has been shown to improve outcomes for animals or patients treated with chemotherapeutics or radiation. In some studies, this improvement was associated with a decrease in immune responsiveness to therapy[16,17,18,19,20] while other studies showed the benefit did not involve immune function.[21,22,23] Some studies have even shown that can enhance cellular recovery following DNA damage by promoting the repair of both single-strand and double-strand DNA breaks.[24,25,26] In the current studies, we statement that the treatment of THP-1 cells with sensitized them to ionizing radiation-induced cell death. Treatment of THP-1 cells with alone or in combination with LPS experienced only modest effects on cell viability. We had previously shown that treatment with LPS-promoted activation of cell signaling pathways associated with cell survival but that inclusion of could inhibit some of these pathways.[9] However, treatment with ionizing radiation following pretreatment inhibited cell signaling, inhibited the expression of cyclin E and cyclin B, prevented accumulation of the cells at any of the cell cycle checkpoints, and increased the frequency of apoptotic cell death. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell culture and treatment THP-1 cells,[27] obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC Manassas, VA, Piromidic Acid USA), were managed in Rabbit polyclonal to IL20 RPMI 1640 media supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone, Login, Utah) and 1% antibiotic/antimycotic answer (Invitrogen, Burlington, ON, Canada) in 5% CO2 at 37C. For all those experiments, the cells were treated with suspending media or 20C160 g/ml extract for 24 h. In some experiments, the cells were also co-treated with 2.5 g/ml bacterial LPS (Escherichia coli Serotype 0127, Sigma-Aldrich Chemical, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 24 h. The cells were then treated with 0C15 Gy ionizing radiation using a Gulmay Medical X-ray machine (Scarborough, ON, Canada) and collected for analysis after numerous incubation times. Preparation and characterization of extracts (Willd.) DC (Rubiaceae) was obtained as a powdered preparation of the plant’s root as recognized and provided by Dr. Rosaria Rojas, Lima. Piromidic Acid Peru. Extracts were prepared through exhaustive percolation with 95% ethanol (100 mg/ml to produce the stock concentration) as explained.[9] Different preparations of were used and compared by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to normalize for the quantity of marker components. This resulted in the use of two different final concentrations based on the amount of ground root material used to produce the extract. The extract was analyzed using HPLC on a Breeze 2 chromatography system (Waters Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada) fitted with a 4.6 mm 100 mm Sunfire C18 column 3.5 m resin Piromidic Acid [Determine 1]. The solvents used were: (A) 60 volumes 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.6; 20 volumes acetonitrile; and 20 volumes methanol; and (B) 30 volumes 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.6; 25 volumes acetonitrile; and 25 volumes methanol. The solvent gradient was applied.